When people think of Hawaii, images of warm, sun-soaked beaches, swaying palm trees, and lush tropical landscapes often come to mind. However, the idea of snow in this Pacific paradise might seem paradoxical. Surprisingly, snowfall is a reality in Hawaii but confined to specific regions and conditions. So, does it snow in Hawaii? Let’s try to find out the answer.
Does it Snow in Hawaii?
Yes, it does snow in Hawaii. While most of the state enjoys a tropical climate with warm temperatures year-round, snow falls annually in certain high-altitude areas. This phenomenon occurs primarily on Hawai’i, also known as the Big Island, and occasionally on Maui. The towering volcanic peaks create unique conditions, allowing snowfall and defying the typical tropical climate that characterises most Hawaiian Islands.
When Does it Snow in Hawaii?
Snow in Hawaii is most common in winter, from December to March. This period coincides with the arrival of Kona storms, low-pressure systems that bring heavy precipitation and cooler temperatures to the islands. Kona systems, which blow in from the south or southwest, can result in significant snowfall on the highest peaks. These storms run counter to the usual tradewinds that bring rain to the windward sides of the islands, instead bringing torrential rains and snow to the leeward sides and higher elevations.
Although snowfall is most likely during the winter, it can occur at any time of the year. However, outside of the winter months, snow that does fall tends to melt quickly. The highest probability of snowfall occurs from October through May, with winter seeing the most substantial accumulations. During the warmer months, any snow that falls usually does not accumulate significantly.
Where Does it Snow in Hawaii?
Snowfall in Hawaii is primarily limited to the highest elevations of the Big Island and, less frequently, on Maui. The specific locations where snow falls are:
Mauna Kea (Big Island)
Elevation: 13,803 feet (4,207 metres)
Snowfall Frequency: Annually
Mauna Kea is the tallest peak in Hawaii and receives snow every year. The high elevation ensures temperatures are cold enough for snow, especially during winter. Snowfall can be substantial, with several inches or even feet accumulating during significant storm events. The summit of Mauna Kea is often covered in a blanket of snow, creating a striking contrast with the tropical landscapes below.
Mauna Loa (Big Island)
Elevation: 13,680 feet (4,170 metres)
Snowfall Frequency: Annually
Mauna Loa, the world’s largest shield volcano, also sees annual snowfall. Like Mauna Kea, its high elevation ensures that temperatures drop sufficiently for snow to form during winter storms. The snow on Mauna Loa can create hazardous conditions, leading to road closures and making the summit inaccessible during heavy snow events.
Haleakalā (Maui)
Elevation: 10,023 feet (3,055 metres)
Snowfall Frequency: Every two to three years
Haleakalā, Maui’s highest peak, experiences snowfall less frequently than the peaks on the Big Island. However, when it does snow, it typically occurs at elevations above 9,000 feet. A notable event occurred in February 2019 when snow was observed at 6,200 feet (1,900 meters) for the first time, leading to the closure of Haleakalā National Park for several days. This event marked the lowest recorded elevation for snowfall in Hawaii.
Why does it snow in Hawaii?
High Elevation
Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa are over 13,000 feet (approximately 4,000 meters) above sea level. At such high elevations, temperatures can drop below freezing, allowing snow to form.
Weather Systems
Hawaii’s unique position in the Pacific Ocean means it can be influenced by different weather systems, including cold fronts that bring moisture and cold air to high elevations. When these conditions align, snow can fall on the summits.
Temperature Drop
The temperature decreases with altitude. On the summits of these mountains, the temperature can drop significantly, especially during the winter months, making snow possible even in a tropical location.
Skiing in Hawaii
Skiing in Hawaii is possible on the Big Island, specifically on Mauna Kea.
Season: The ski season in Hawaii is short and highly variable. Snow typically falls between November and April, but the amount and quality of snow can vary significantly from year to year.
Facilities: Mauna Kea does not have formal ski resorts or lift services. Skiing here is more of a backcountry experience, requiring skiers to hike or use four-wheel-drive vehicles to access the snow-covered slopes.
Conditions: The skiing conditions on Mauna Kea can be challenging. The snow is often windblown and icy, and the terrain is rugged. The high altitude and thin air can also make physical exertion more difficult.
While Hawaii is renowned for its tropical climate, the high volcanic peaks of the Big Island and Maui present unique conditions where snowfall is not only possible but occurs regularly.
